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A

ACL (Access Control List)

A table that tells a computer operating system which access rights each user has to a particular system object, such as a file directory or individual file. Each object has a security attribute that identifies its access control list. The list has an entry for each system user with access privileges. The most common privileges include the ability to read a file (or all the files in a directory), to write to the file or files, and to execute the file (if it is an executable file or program). Microsoft Windows NT/2000, Novell's NetWare, Digital's OpenVMS, and UNIX-based systems are among the operating systems that use access control lists. The list is implemented differently by each operating system.

Amber servlet

Web UI generator that provides backward compatibility for DS 2.x VDF templates. Migrating customizations from a DS 2.x site into the new templates should be straightforward for upgrades.

Administration servlet

Administrator UI generator that uses Java Server Pages (JSP).

API (Application Program Interface)

A set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. A good API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the building blocks. A programmer puts the blocks together.

Applet

A program designed to be executed from within another application. Unlike an application, applets cannot be executed directly from the operating system. Web browsers, which are often equipped with Java virtual machines, can interpret applets from Web servers. Because applets are small in files size, cross-platform compatible, and highly secure (cannot be used to access users' hard drives), they are ideal for small Internet applications accessible from a browser.

Application Service Provider (ASP)

A third-party entity that manages and distributes software-based services and solutions to customers across a wide area network from a central data center. ASPs are a way for companies to outsource some or almost all aspects of their information technology needs. ASPs are grouped into five subcategories:

Enterprise ASPs: deliver high-end business applications.
Local/Regional ASPs: supply wide variety of application services for smaller businesses in a local area.
Specialist ASPs: provide applications for a specific need, such as Web site services or human resources.
Vertical Market ASPs: provide support to a specific industry, such as healthcare.
Volume Business ASPs: supply general small/medium-sized businesses with prepackaged application services in volume.

Authentication SPI (Service Provider Interface)

Handles user authentication. Internal Authentication handle local users created and managed in DocuShare. LDAP uses JNDI for users created outside of DocuShare by an external LDAP Directory.

B

BLOB (Binary Large Object)

A collection of binary data stored as a single entity in a database management systems (DBMS). BLOBs are used primarily to hold multimedia objects such as images, videos, and sound, though they can also be used to store programs or even fragments of code. Not all DBMSs support BLOBs.

Blog (Weblog)

Short for Weblog, a blog is a Web page that serves as a publicly-accessible personal journal for an individual. Typically updated daily, blogs often reflect the personality of the author.

BSDDB (Berkeley UNIX Distribution Database)

Originally from the Berkeley UNIX Distribution (BSD) the BSDDB is a simple hash file database used in DocuShare 2.x and FX (Fuji Xerox) versions of Release 3.0. Xerox Corporation supports relational databases using the JDBC interface (Java Database Connection API).

C

CGI (Common Gateway Interface)

A specification for transferring information between a World Wide Web server and a CGI program. A CGI program is any program designed to accept and return data that conforms to the CGI specification. The program could be written in any programming language, including C, Perl, Java, or Visual Basic.

CLI (Commandline Interface)

Commonly referred to as the Commandline utilities. Uses the DocuShare Java API.

Compound Documents

DSDocument: a document consists of document properties and one or more versions. They are first class DSObjects with a handle and ACL. This replaces the DocuShare 2.x File Object.

DSVersion: a version consists of version properties and one or more renditions. They are first class DSObjects with a handle and ACL.

Saved HTML pages, MS-Word documents, and Outlook mail message are types of compound documents. They contain hyperlinks and field codes that reference other files or objects. For example, an Outlook email message with file attachments is a .msg file with field codes to the file attachments. These are stored in DocuShare as single compound documents.

ContentElement

A ContentElement consists of ContentElement properties and a reference to a file stored in DocuShare Content Store. ContentElements are not first class DSObjects and do not have a DocuShare Handle or an ACL. ContentElements only exist in a single rendition, but may be shared between renditions in a future release.

Content SPI (Service Provider Interface)

Interface for storing the document contents. File Access Impl provides storage of uploaded files in the file system.

Conversion SPI (Service Provider Interface)

Standardized interface for accessing Conversion Services. These services include:

HTML Conversion to take editor source files and generate an HTML rendition.
Text Extraction to generate a text stream from a source file.
Summarization to create an abstract by extracting the key 6 sentences from a document.
Thumbnailing to create a reduced picture of standard image files.

Other conversion services can be added (plugged in).

Custom Objects

Custom objects have their own custom properties that are separate from the properties of the parent class. Allows the site and 3rd parties to define new objects classes such as special Document types or special Collection classes. New objects can be "cloned" from the existing classes of objects.

D

Database SPI (Service Provider Interface)

Uses JDBC to support relational databases; a true relational schema with properties stored as columns in the database: MSDE, SQL Server 7, or Oracle 9I. Only metadata is stored in RDMS Oracle: Unlike DocuShare 2.x where an object and everything associated with objects (such as properties) was stored in one BLOB. Property and Handle retrieval occur together for improved performance, not as separate calls to the database.

Document Routing

Basic workflow module to route documents through an approval or review cycle with other DocuShare users. Uses Javascript that must be enabled in the DocuShare server and in the client browser. Also known as Workflow.

Directory SPI (Service Provider Interface)

Provides the interface for User and Group management. Internal Directory handles local users created and managed in DocuShare. LDAP uses JNDI for users created outside of DocuShare by an external LDAP Directory.

Domain Name System (DNS)

An Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. Because domain names are alphabetic, they're easier to remember. The Internet however, is really based on IP addresses. Every time you use a domain name, therefore, a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address. For example, the domain name, www.example.com, might translate to 198.105.232.4.

E

EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans)

A Java API developed by Sun Microsystems that defines a component architecture for multi-tier client/server systems.

H

hostname

The name assigned to a computer or server.

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

The underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web. HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. For example, when you enter a URL in your browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch and transmit the requested Web page.

HTTP/XML interface

The DocuShare HTTP/XML Interface is a supported interface for read/write transactions with DocuShare servers using the HTTP 1.1 protocol and the XML data format. The DocuShare HTTP/XML interface defines:

DocuShare URL and request data conventions, and associated command set for read/write operations.
Specification of XML data sent and received for each command.
Protocol on which the Windows Client SDK is built.

hyperlink

An element in an electronic document that links to another place in the same document or to an entirely different document. Hyperlinks are the most essential ingredient of all hypertext systems, including the World Wide Web.

The text in a link is usually blue and underlined.

I

IP address

An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP (Internet Protocol) address of the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. For example, 1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.

J

Java

Java is a general purpose programming language with a number of features that make the language well suited for use on the World Wide Web. Small Java applications are called Java applets and can be downloaded from a Web server and run on your computer by a Java-compatible Web browser, such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer.

JavaScript

A scripting language developed by Netscape to enable Web authors to design interactive sites. Although it shares many of the features and structures of the full Java language, it was developed independently. Javascript can interact with HTML source code, enabling Web authors to spice up their sites with dynamic content. JavaScript is endorsed by a number of software companies and is an open language that anyone can use without purchasing a license. It is supported by recent browsers from Netscape and Microsoft, though Internet Explorer supports only a subset, which Microsoft calls Jscript.

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)

A Java API that enables Java programs to execute SQL statements. This allows Java programs to interact with any SQL-compliant database. Since nearly all relational database management systems (DBMSs) support SQL, and because Java itself runs on most platforms, JDBC makes it possible to write a single database application that can run on different platforms and interact with different DBMSs.

JMS (Java Message Service)

An application program interface (API) from Sun Microsystems that supports the formal communication known as messaging between computers in a network. Sun's JMS provides a common interface to standard messaging protocols and also to special messaging services in support of Java programs. Sun advocates the use of the Java Message Service for anyone developing Java applications, which can be run from any major operating system platform.

JNDI (Java Naming and Directory Interface)

JNDI is a standard extension to the Java platform, providing Java technology enabled applications with a unified interface to multiple naming and directory services in the enterprise. As part of the Java Enterprise API set, JNDI enables seamless connectivity to heterogeneous enterprise naming and directory services.

JNDI is an API specified in Java that provides naming and directory functionality to applications written in Java. It is designed especially for Java by using Java's object model. Using JNDI, Java applications can store and retrieve named Java objects of any type. In addition, JNDI provides methods for performing standard directory operations, such as associating attributes with objects and searching for objects using their attributes.

JVM (Java Virtual Machine)

An abstract computing machine, or virtual machine, JVM is a platform-independent execution environment that converts Java bytecode into machine language and executes it. Most programming languages compile source code directly into machine code that is designed to run on a specific microprocessor architecture or operating system, such as Windows or UNIX. A JVM, a machine within a machine, mimics a real Java processor, enabling Java bytecode to be executed as actions or operating system calls on any processor regardless of the operating system. For example, establishing a socket connection from a workstation to a remote machine involves an operating system call. Since different operating systems handle sockets in different ways, the JVM translates the programming code so that the two machines that may be on different platforms are able to connect.

JNDI is also defined to be independent of any specific naming or directory service implementation. It enables Java applications to access different, possibly multiple, naming and directory services using a common API. Different naming and directory service providers can be plugged in seamlessly behind this common API. This allows Java applications to take advantage of information in a variety of existing naming and directory services, such as LDAP, NDS, DNS, and NIS (YP), and allows Java applications to coexist with legacy applications and systems.

JSP (Java Server Pages)

A server-side technology, Java server pages are an extension to the Java servlet technology that was developed by Sun as an alternative to Microsoft's ASPs (Active Server Pages). JSPs have dynamic scripting capability that works in tandem with HTML code, separating the page logic from the static elements -- the actual design and display of the page. Embedded in the HTML page, the Java source code and its extensions help make the HTML more functional, being used in dynamic database queries, for example. JSPs are not restricted to any specific platform or server.

L

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

A set of protocols for accessing information directories. LDAP is based on the standards contained within the X.500 standard, but is significantly simpler. And unlike X.500, LDAP supports TCP/IP, which is necessary for any type of Internet access. Because it's a simpler version of X.500, LDAP is sometimes called X.500-lite.

LDAP Synchronization Service

An optional component that works with the External LDAP Auth and Directory IMPLs to maintain synchronization between the Users and Groups in an external LDAP directory.

link

In hypertext systems, such as the World Wide Web, a link is a reference to another document. Such links are sometimes called hot links because they take you to other document when you click on them.

The text in a link is usually blue and underlined.

logging

All services and client applications include logging to provide performance data and record diagnostic messages for reporting and troubleshooting.

Logging levels are:

Fatal: always enabled. Errors which cause services or the server to be unavailable or dysfunctional.
Error: fatal and general errors.
Warning: warnings and error messages.
Info: errors and informational messages.
Trace: errors, informational, and troubleshooting data; used to diagnose problems by DocuShare support.
Debug: all errors, informational, trace and other developer debugging messages.

By default only fatal errors are logged; additional logging can be enabled from the Administrator UI.

The Autonomy Search Service log list by handles which files failed indexing.

M

metadata

Data about data. Metadata describes how and when and by whom a particular set of data was collected, and how the data is formatted. Metadata is essential for understanding information stored in data warehouses.

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)

A specification for formatting non-ASCII messages so that they can be sent over the Internet. Many email clients now support MIME, which enables them to send and receive graphics, audio, and video files via the Internet mail system. In addition, MIME supports messages in character sets other than ASCII.

There are many predefined MIME types, such as GIF graphics files and PostScript files. It is also possible to define your own MIME types.

Monitor Service

Monitor service is responsible to start and keep DocuShare services running.

MSDE (Microsoft SQL Server Desktop Engine)

The Microsoft SQL Server Desktop Engine is a data engine built and based on core SQL Server technology. With support for single- and dual-processor desktop computers, MSDE is a reliable storage engine and query processor for desktop extensions of enterprise applications.

Designed to run in the background, supporting transactional desktop applications, MSDE does not have its own user interface (UI) or tools. Users interact with MSDE through the application in which it is embedded.

N

Notification Queues

NotificationQ is used to queue events for the other services. IndexingQ will queue events for the Indexing/Search service. SubscriptionQ will queue events for the Subscription service. SummarizationQ will queue events for the Summarization service.

Other services and client will establish additional notification queues.

Notification SPI (Service Provider Interface)

An interface for generalized event notification between services and clients. JMS (Java Message System) is the foundation for the Notification system.

O

OCR

Optical Character Recognition refers to the branch of computer science that involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that the computer can manipulate (for example, into ASCII codes). An OCR system enables you to take a book or a magazine article, feed it directly into an electronic computer file, and then edit the file using a word processor.

P

PDF

Portable Document Format. A file format that captures all of the elements of a printed document as an electronic image that you can view, navigate, print, or forward to someone else.

POP3

Post Office Protocol, a protocol used to retrieve email from a mail server. Most email applications (sometimes called an email client) use the POP protocol, although some can use the newer IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol). POP3, can be used with or without SMTP.

portal

An input device, such as a Document Centre or an Internet fax device.

PostScript

A page description language (PDL) developed by Adobe Systems. PostScript is primarily a language for printing documents on laser printers, but it can be adapted to produce images on other types of devices. PostScript is the standard for desktop publishing because it is supported by imagesetters, the very high-resolution printers used by service bureaus to produce camera-ready copy.

R

rendition

A version's display format, such as Microsoft Word, Adobe PDF, or HTML. A rendition can be composed of one or more content files. For example, an HTML rendition could consist of the HTML file and several image files.

DSRendition - a rendition consists of rendition properties and one or more ContentElements. Renditions are first class DSObjects that include a handle and ACL.

RMI (Remote Method Invocation)

A set of protocols developed by Sun's JavaSoft division that enables Java objects to communicate remotely with other Java objects. RMI is a relatively simple protocol, but unlike more complex protocols such as CORBA and DCOM, it works only with Java objects. CORBA and DCOM are designed to support objects created in any language.

RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)

A type of database management system (DBMS) that stores data in the form of related tables. Relational databases are powerful because they require few assumptions about how data is related or how it will be extracted from the database. As a result, the same database can be viewed in many different ways.

RSS (RDF Site Summary)

RSS (formerly called Rich Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication) is a method of describing news or other web content that is available for distribution or syndication (feeding) from an online publisher to Web users. RSS is an application of the Extensible Markup Language (XML) that adheres to the World Wide Web Consortium's Resource Description Framework (RDF).

S

Search/Indexing SPI (Service Provider Interface)

Provides a common interface for Searching services. R6.0 ships with the Autonomy Search/Indexing service to manage property and content based indexing and search. Autonomy Search/Indexing Impl is the core search implementation for Autonomy. VDK is the primary API to the Autonomy Search/Indexing libraries.

Servlet

An applet that runs on a server. The term usually refers to a Java applet that runs within a Web server environment. This is analogous to a Java applet that runs within a Web browser environment.

Java servlets are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to CGI programs. The biggest difference between the two is that a Java applet is persistent. This means that once it is started, it stays in memory and can fulfill multiple requests. In contrast, a CGI program disappears once it has fulfilled a request. The persistence of Java applets makes them faster because there's no wasted time in setting up and tearing down the process.

SMB (Server Message Block)

A message format used by DOS and Windows to share files, directories and devices. NetBIOS is based on the SMB format, and many network products use SMB. These SMB-based networks include Lan Manager, Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and Lan Server. There are also a number of products that use SMB to enable file sharing among different operating system platforms. Samba, for example, enables UNIX and Windows machines to share directories and files.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

A protocol for sending email messages between servers. Most email systems that send mail over the Internet use SMTP to send messages from one server to another; the messages can then be retrieved with an email client using either POP or IMAP. In addition, SMTP is generally used to send messages from a mail client to a mail server. This is why you need to specify both the POP or IMAP server and the SMTP server when you configure your email application.

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

SOAP provides a simple, lightweight XML-based messaging protocol used to encode the information in Web service request and response messages before sending them over a network. SOAP messages are independent of any operating system or protocol and may be transported using a variety of Internet protocols, including SMTP, MIME, and HTTP.

SPI (Service Provider Interface)

The interface to modules within the backend server implementation that are not published to end customers. Only the API is published. The SPI modularity that XC and FX engineers used to build additional module support on the backend (such as additional Conversion Services or a different Search/Indexing Service)

Subscription Service

Built on JavaMail to interface the external SMTP gateway for email delivery.

T

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

The suite of communications protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet. TCP/IP uses several protocols, the two main ones being TCP and IP.

TextBridge

Optical character recognition (OCR) software used to convert paper documents into digital documents.

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

One of the most widely supported file formats for storing bit-mapped images on personal computers (both PCs and Macintosh computers). TIFF graphics can be any resolution, and they can be black and white, gray-scaled, or color.

Files in TIFF format often end with a .tif extension.

Tomcat servlet

Tomcat is the official reference implementation of the Java Servlet 2.2 and JavaServer Pages 1.1 technologies. Developed under the Apache license in an open and participatory environment (Open Source).

Tomcat can be used as either a standalone product with its own internal Web server or together with other Web servers, including Apache, Netscape Enterprise Server, Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS), and Microsoft Personal Web Server. Tomcat requires a Java Runtime Enterprise Environment that conforms to JRE 1.1 or later.

Tomcat is one of several open source collaborations that are collectively known as Jakarta.

U

UNC (Uniform Naming Convention)

A PC format for specifying the location of resources on a local area network (LAN). UNC uses the following format: \server-name\shared-resource-pathname

For example, to access the file test.txt in the directory examples on the shared server silo, enter: \silo\examples\test.txt

UNC is also used to identify shared peripheral devices, such as printers. The idea behind UNC is to provide a format so that each shared resource can be identified with a unique address.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

An Internet address, the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The first part of the address indicates what protocol to use, and the second part specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located.

V

VDF (View Definition Format)

The Xerox DocuShare templating format based on XML used for DocuShare Release 6.0 and DocuShare CPX Release 6 Web UI customization.

W

Web

A short name for the World Wide Web.

WebDAV (World Wide Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning)

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard set of platform-independent extensions to HTTP that allows users to collaboratively edit and manage files on remote Web servers. WebDAV features XML properties on metadata; locking, which prevents authors from overwriting each other's changes; namespace manipulation; and remote file management.

WebDAV servlet

Provides native WebDAV support. DocuShare 6.0 supports the current WebDAV specifications.

Weblog

See BLOG.

Web site

A site (location) on the World Wide Web. Each Web site contains a home page, which is the first document users see when they enter the site. The site might also contain additional documents and files. Each site is owned and managed by an individual, company or organization.

Wiki

A collaborative Web site comprises the perpetual collective work of many authors. Similar to a blog in structure and logic, a wiki allows anyone to edit, delete or modify content that has been placed on the Web site using a browser interface, including the work of previous authors. In contrast, a blog, typically authored by an individual, does not allow visitors to change the original posted material, only add comments to the original content.

Workflow

Workspace

A workspace provides a shared area for project and team collaboration. From a single page within DocuShare you and other workspace members can gather and manage shared content, access collaboration tools to facilitate your work, and communicate with each other.

World Wide Web

A system of Internet servers that support specially formatted documents. The documents are formatted in HTML that supports links to other documents, as well as graphics, audio, and video files. This means you can jump from one document to another simply by clicking on hot spots. Not all Internet servers are part of the World Wide Web.

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